How to Draw Up a Framing Plan
FRAMING PLANS show the size, number, and location of the structural members (steel or wood) in the building framework. Separate framing plans may be drawn for the floors, the walls, and the roof.
The FLOOR FRAMING Plan must specify the sizes and spacing of joists, girders, and columns used to support the floor. Detail drawings must exist added, if necessary, to show the methods of anchoring joists and girders to the columns and foundation walls or footings. The floor framing plan is basically a plan view showing the layout of the girders and joists. Figure 10-19 shows the manner of presenting flooring framing plans. The unbroken double-line symbol indicates joists. Joist symbols are fatigued in the position they will occupy in the completed building. Double framing around openings and beneath bath fixtures is shown where used. Bridging is as well shown by a double-line symbol that runs perpendicularly to the joist. In the figure, the number of rows of cross bridging is controlled by the bridge of the joist; the rows should not be placed more than than seven or 8 ft apart. Hence, a 14-ft span may need only one row of bridging, just a 16-ft span needs 2 rows.
Dimensions need not be given between joists. Such information is given along with notes. For example, "2" by 8" joists @ two' 0" O.C." indicates that the joists are to exist spaced at intervals of ii ft 0 in. on center (O.C.). Lengths may not be indicated in framing plans; the overall edifice dimensions and the dimensions for each bay or distances between columns or posts provide such data. Notes also identify floor openings, bridging, and girts or plates.
The WALL FRAMING PLANS testify the location and method of framing openings and ceiling heights so that studs and posts tin can be cutting.
The ROOF FRAMING PLANS testify the structure of the rafters used to bridge the building and support the roof. The size, spacing, roof slope, and all of the details are also shown in the programme. The roof framing program is drawn in the same manner every bit the flooring framing plan; rafters are shown in the same manner as joists. Effigy 10-twenty is an example of a roof framing plan for a wood-frame roof.
In a precast or cast-in-place physical flooring and roof framing, a structural program should betoken, with symbols, the location of bearing walls, beams, and columns, and the direction and size of steel reinforcing bars, the direction of the span, and the size and thickness of required structural members. Effigy ten-21 shows an example of a structural roof framing with schedules and general notes included. When preparing framing plans, follow the procedures outlined below.
1. For woods-frame structure, trace or transfer the dimensions of the location of the exterior stud wall, and lay out the limits of the roof overhang. Adjacent, lay out the roof framing by locating the ridgeboard outset and and then all of the required intersecting pieces.
2. When the floor framing plans are required, proceed to transfer dimensions of the foundation walls or footings. Lay out supporting girders and joists in their proper spacing. Notice any begetting wails, stairwells, and other openings when you are developing a second-floor framing programme.
iii. For concrete framing, take a similar approach. Lay out the dimensions of the begetting walls below the flooring (or roof) being framed. Hence, you will need the foundation programme to depict the first-floor framing, and you will demand the first-floor plan to draw the second-floor framing. Next, add together the locations of the beams and columns and the direction of the bridge and size of the precast concrete or the reinforcing steel for the poured-in-place concrete.
Figure 10-19.-Instance of a structural floor framing plan for a wood-frame construction.
Figure 10-21.-Case of a structural roof framing plan for a precast or a cast-in-place concrete structure.
4. For steel framing, trace off or transfer the dimensions of all of the bearing walls, columns, and beams below the floor (or roof) existence framed. Lay out the steel framing, using the filigree arrangement (a mutual setup used in steel framing).
5. Lay out guidelines for dimensions, notes, and labels. Darken in all of the framing and fill up in the notes and dimensions. Draw in the section and item marks. Become over your structural plans checklist and cheque the dimensions against those traced from the floor plan.
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Source: http://www.tpub.com/engbas/10-14.htm
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